Jellyfish Stings



Background

Lions Mane Jellyfish
  • Most jellyfish in Irish waters are non-toxic. Summer 2013 was an exception - Portuguese Man-of War appeared.
  • Venom stored in nematocysts (cellular capsules called) on tentacles.
  • Nematocysts fire tiny harpoon with thread of venom.
  • Nematocysts fire even after jellyfish dead (on a beach).
  • Lions Mane is (or Man-of-War) the most venomous jellyfish in Irish waters:
    • Mostly northern Irish sea
    • Up to 80cm in diameter
    • Toxin may be very painful

Management of sting

  • Protect yourself
  • Remove the victim from the water.
  • Remove any attached tentacles with a gloved hand, stick or towel.
  • Do NOT rub the affected area (releases more venom)
  • Rinse the affected area with vinegar (or sea water - not fresh water)
  • Apply heat (water or a heat pack) max 45°c.
  • Xylocaine spray (4% or 2.5%) eases symptoms and reduced further toxin release from nemocysts.
  • Do not use other washes (urine, alcohol) as these can worsen toxin release.
  • All with airway, constitutional or eye symptoms should attend an emergency department.
  • Detailed slit lamp exam is required in eye injuries.
  • Later relief may be gained from hot water (denatures remaining venom).


Content by Dr Íomhar O' Sullivan 13/09/2010. Last review Dr ÍOS 28/05/21.