Toxidromes



Anticholinergic

Blind as a bat, mad as a hatter, red as a beet, hot as a hare, dry as a bone, the bowel and bladder lose their tone, and the heart runs alone.

Clinical

  • Blurred vision, dry skin, fever, flushing
  • Ileus, urinary retention
  • Tachycardia, hypertension, hyperthermia
  • Mydriasis, myoclonus, seizures
  • Coma, delirum, hallucinations, amnesia

Causes

  • Antihistamines
  • Antipsychotics, antidepressants>
  • Antiparkinsonian drugs
  • Atropine, benztropine.

Cholinergic

DUMBBELLSS: Diarrhoea, Urination, Miosis, Bradycardia, Bronchospasm, Emesis, Lacrimation, Lethargy, Salivation and Seizures.

Most deaths from ⇓HR, & bronchospasm/bronchorrhoea.

Clinical

  • Bronchorrhoea, tachypnoea, diaphorsesis
  • Salivation, emesis, lacrimation, diarrhoea
  • Confusion, meiosis, fasciculations, seizures, urination, & weakness
  • Complications include ⇓HR, ↓Temp., ⇑RR

Causes

Reversal



Content by Dr Íomhar O' Sullivan. Last review Dr ÍOS 20/03/24.